ELL students—the nation’s fastest growing K-12 population—are challenged to learn both the English language and academic content at grade level simultaneously. Who are the ELLs in our schools? (The vast majority are born in the U.S., are U.S. citizens, and begin school in kindergarten and first grade with their monolingual English-speaking peers.) What types of language education programs work, based on scientific research? What funding and resource opportunities exist? What can schools do to close the achievement gap and raise the graduation rate among ELL students?